tempo_precompiles/tip403_registry/

mod.rs

//! [TIP-403] transfer policy registry precompile.
//!
//! Manages whitelist, blacklist, and compound transfer policies that TIP-20
//! tokens reference to gate sender/recipient authorization.
//!
//! [TIP-403]: <https://docs.tempo.xyz/protocol/tip403>

pub mod dispatch;

use crate::StorageCtx;
pub use tempo_contracts::precompiles::{
    ITIP403Registry::{self, PolicyType},
    TIP403RegistryError, TIP403RegistryEvent,
};
use tempo_precompiles_macros::{Storable, contract};

use crate::{
    TIP403_REGISTRY_ADDRESS,
    error::{Result, TempoPrecompileError},
    storage::{Handler, Mapping},
};
use alloy::primitives::Address;
use tempo_primitives::TempoAddressExt;

/// Built-in policy ID that always rejects authorization.
pub const REJECT_ALL_POLICY_ID: u64 = 0;

/// Built-in policy ID that always allows authorization.
pub const ALLOW_ALL_POLICY_ID: u64 = 1;

/// Registry for [TIP-403] transfer policies. TIP20 tokens reference an ID from this registry
/// to police transfers between sender and receiver addresses.
///
/// [TIP-403]: <https://docs.tempo.xyz/protocol/tip403>
///
/// The struct fields define the on-chain storage layout; the `#[contract]` macro generates the
/// storage handlers which provide an ergonomic way to interact with the EVM state.
#[contract(addr = TIP403_REGISTRY_ADDRESS)]
pub struct TIP403Registry {
    /// Monotonically increasing counter for policy IDs. Starts at `2` because IDs `0`
    /// ([`REJECT_ALL_POLICY_ID`]) and `1` ([`ALLOW_ALL_POLICY_ID`]) are reserved special
    /// policies.
    policy_id_counter: u64,
    /// Maps a policy ID to its [`PolicyRecord`], which stores the base [`PolicyData`] and, for
    /// compound policies, the [`CompoundPolicyData`] sub-policy references.
    policy_records: Mapping<u64, PolicyRecord>,
    /// Per-policy address set used by simple (non-compound) policies. For whitelists the
    /// value is `true` when the address is allowed; for blacklists it is `true` when the
    /// address is restricted.
    policy_set: Mapping<u64, Mapping<Address, bool>>,
}

/// Policy record containing base data and optional data for compound policies ([TIP-1015])
///
/// [TIP-1015]: <https://docs.tempo.xyz/protocol/tips/tip-1015>
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Storable)]
pub struct PolicyRecord {
    /// Base policy data
    pub base: PolicyData,
    /// Compound policy data. Only relevant when `base.policy_type == COMPOUND`
    pub compound: CompoundPolicyData,
}

/// Data for compound policies ([TIP-1015])
///
/// [TIP-1015]: <https://docs.tempo.xyz/protocol/tips/tip-1015>
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Storable)]
pub struct CompoundPolicyData {
    /// Sub-policy ID used to authorize the sender.
    pub sender_policy_id: u64,
    /// Sub-policy ID used to authorize the recipient.
    pub recipient_policy_id: u64,
    /// Sub-policy ID used to authorize mint recipients.
    pub mint_recipient_policy_id: u64,
}

/// Authorization role for policy checks.
///
/// - `Transfer` (symmetric sender/recipient) available since `Genesis`.
/// - Directional roles (`Sender`, `Recipient`, `MintRecipient`) for compound policies available since `T2`.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum AuthRole {
    /// Check both sender AND recipient. Used for `isAuthorized` calls (spec: pre T2).
    Transfer,
    /// Check sender authorization only (spec: +T2).
    Sender,
    /// Check recipient authorization only (spec: +T2).
    Recipient,
    /// Check mint recipient authorization only (spec: +T2).
    MintRecipient,
}

/// Base policy metadata. Packed into a single storage slot.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Storable)]
pub struct PolicyData {
    // NOTE: enums are defined as u8, and leverage the sol! macro's `TryInto<u8>` impl
    /// Discriminant of the [`PolicyType`] enum, stored as `u8` for slot packing.
    pub policy_type: u8,
    /// Address authorized to modify this policy.
    pub admin: Address,
}

impl PolicyData {
    /// Decodes the raw `policy_type` u8 to a `PolicyType` enum.
    fn policy_type(&self) -> Result<PolicyType> {
        let is_t2 = StorageCtx.spec().is_t2();

        match self.policy_type.try_into() {
            Ok(ty) if is_t2 || ty != PolicyType::COMPOUND => Ok(ty),
            _ => Err(if is_t2 {
                TIP403RegistryError::invalid_policy_type().into()
            } else {
                TempoPrecompileError::under_overflow()
            }),
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the policy type is a simple policy (WHITELIST or BLACKLIST).
    fn is_simple(&self) -> bool {
        self.policy_type == PolicyType::WHITELIST as u8
            || self.policy_type == PolicyType::BLACKLIST as u8
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the policy data indicates a compound policy
    pub fn is_compound(&self) -> bool {
        self.policy_type == PolicyType::COMPOUND as u8
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the policy data is the default (uninitialized) value.
    fn is_default(&self) -> bool {
        self.policy_type == 0 && self.admin == Address::ZERO
    }
}

impl TIP403Registry {
    /// Initializes the TIP-403 registry precompile.
    pub fn initialize(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        self.__initialize()
    }

    /// Returns the next policy ID to be assigned (always ≥ 2, since IDs 0 and 1 are reserved).
    pub fn policy_id_counter(&self) -> Result<u64> {
        // Skips the built-in policy IDs, when initializing the counter for the first time.
        self.policy_id_counter.read().map(|counter| counter.max(2))
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the given policy ID exists (built-in or user-created).
    pub fn policy_exists(&self, call: ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall) -> Result<bool> {
        // Built-in policies (0 and 1) always exist
        if self.builtin_authorization(call.policyId).is_some() {
            return Ok(true);
        }

        // Check if policy ID is within the range of created policies
        let counter = self.policy_id_counter()?;
        Ok(call.policyId < counter)
    }

    /// Returns the type and admin of a policy. Reverts if the policy does not exist or has an
    /// invalid type.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// - `PolicyNotFound` — the policy ID does not exist
    /// - `InvalidPolicyType` — stored type cannot be decoded (e.g. pre-T1 `COMPOUND` on T2+)
    pub fn policy_data(
        &self,
        call: ITIP403Registry::policyDataCall,
    ) -> Result<ITIP403Registry::policyDataReturn> {
        if self.storage.spec().is_t2() {
            // Built-in policies are virtual (not stored), and match the `PolicyType`:
            //  - 0: REJECT_ALL_POLICY_ID → WHITELIST
            //  - 1: ALLOW_ALL_POLICY_ID  → BLACKLIST
            if self.builtin_authorization(call.policyId).is_some() {
                return Ok(ITIP403Registry::policyDataReturn {
                    policyType: (call.policyId as u8)
                        .try_into()
                        .map_err(|_| TIP403RegistryError::invalid_policy_type())?,
                    admin: Address::ZERO,
                });
            }
        } else {
            // Check if policy exists before reading the data (spec: pre-T2)
            if !self.policy_exists(ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall {
                policyId: call.policyId,
            })? {
                return Err(TIP403RegistryError::policy_not_found().into());
            }
        }

        // Get policy data and verify that the policy id exists (spec: +T2)
        let data = self.get_policy_data(call.policyId)?;

        Ok(ITIP403Registry::policyDataReturn {
            policyType: data.policy_type()?,
            admin: data.admin,
        })
    }

    /// Returns the sub-policy IDs of a compound policy ([TIP-1015]).
    ///
    /// [TIP-1015]: <https://docs.tempo.xyz/protocol/tips/tip-1015>
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// - `IncompatiblePolicyType` — the policy exists but is not compound
    /// - `PolicyNotFound` — the policy ID does not exist
    pub fn compound_policy_data(
        &self,
        call: ITIP403Registry::compoundPolicyDataCall,
    ) -> Result<ITIP403Registry::compoundPolicyDataReturn> {
        let data = self.get_policy_data(call.policyId)?;

        // Only compound policies have compound data
        if !data.is_compound() {
            // Check if the policy exists for error clarity
            let err = if self.policy_exists(ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall {
                policyId: call.policyId,
            })? {
                TIP403RegistryError::incompatible_policy_type()
            } else {
                TIP403RegistryError::policy_not_found()
            };
            return Err(err.into());
        }

        let compound = self.policy_records[call.policyId].compound.read()?;
        Ok(ITIP403Registry::compoundPolicyDataReturn {
            senderPolicyId: compound.sender_policy_id,
            recipientPolicyId: compound.recipient_policy_id,
            mintRecipientPolicyId: compound.mint_recipient_policy_id,
        })
    }

    /// Creates a new simple (whitelist or blacklist) policy and returns its ID.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// - `IncompatiblePolicyType` — `policyType` is not `WHITELIST` or `BLACKLIST` (T2+)
    /// - `UnderOverflow` — policy ID counter overflows
    pub fn create_policy(
        &mut self,
        msg_sender: Address,
        call: ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall,
    ) -> Result<u64> {
        let policy_type = call.policyType.ensure_is_simple()?;

        let new_policy_id = self.policy_id_counter()?;

        // Increment counter
        self.policy_id_counter.write(
            new_policy_id
                .checked_add(1)
                .ok_or(TempoPrecompileError::under_overflow())?,
        )?;

        // Store policy data
        self.policy_records[new_policy_id].base.write(PolicyData {
            policy_type,
            admin: call.admin,
        })?;

        self.emit_event(TIP403RegistryEvent::PolicyCreated(
            ITIP403Registry::PolicyCreated {
                policyId: new_policy_id,
                updater: msg_sender,
                policyType: policy_type.try_into().unwrap_or(PolicyType::__Invalid),
            },
        ))?;

        self.emit_event(TIP403RegistryEvent::PolicyAdminUpdated(
            ITIP403Registry::PolicyAdminUpdated {
                policyId: new_policy_id,
                updater: msg_sender,
                admin: call.admin,
            },
        ))?;

        Ok(new_policy_id)
    }

    /// Creates a simple policy and pre-populates it with an initial set of accounts.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// - `UnderOverflow` — policy ID counter overflows
    /// - `IncompatiblePolicyType` — `policyType` is not `WHITELIST` or `BLACKLIST` (T2+), or
    ///   accounts are non-empty for compound/invalid types (pre-T2)
    /// - `VirtualAddressNotAllowed` — virtual addresses are forbidden (T3+)
    pub fn create_policy_with_accounts(
        &mut self,
        msg_sender: Address,
        call: ITIP403Registry::createPolicyWithAccountsCall,
    ) -> Result<u64> {
        let admin = call.admin;
        let policy_type = call.policyType.ensure_is_simple()?;

        // TIP-1022: reject virtual addresses in initial account set (spec T3+)
        if self.storage.spec().is_t3() {
            for account in call.accounts.iter() {
                if account.is_virtual() {
                    return Err(TIP403RegistryError::virtual_address_not_allowed().into());
                }
            }
        }

        let new_policy_id = self.policy_id_counter()?;

        // Increment counter
        self.policy_id_counter.write(
            new_policy_id
                .checked_add(1)
                .ok_or(TempoPrecompileError::under_overflow())?,
        )?;

        // Store policy data
        self.set_policy_data(new_policy_id, PolicyData { policy_type, admin })?;

        // Set initial accounts - only emit events for valid policy types
        // Pre-T2 with invalid types: accounts are added but no events emitted (matches original)
        for account in call.accounts.iter() {
            self.set_policy_set(new_policy_id, *account, true)?;

            match call.policyType {
                PolicyType::WHITELIST => {
                    self.emit_event(TIP403RegistryEvent::WhitelistUpdated(
                        ITIP403Registry::WhitelistUpdated {
                            policyId: new_policy_id,
                            updater: msg_sender,
                            account: *account,
                            allowed: true,
                        },
                    ))?;
                }
                PolicyType::BLACKLIST => {
                    self.emit_event(TIP403RegistryEvent::BlacklistUpdated(
                        ITIP403Registry::BlacklistUpdated {
                            policyId: new_policy_id,
                            updater: msg_sender,
                            account: *account,
                            restricted: true,
                        },
                    ))?;
                }
                ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND | ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::__Invalid => {
                    // T2+: unreachable since `ensure_is_simple` already rejected
                    return Err(TIP403RegistryError::incompatible_policy_type().into());
                }
            }
        }

        self.emit_event(TIP403RegistryEvent::PolicyCreated(
            ITIP403Registry::PolicyCreated {
                policyId: new_policy_id,
                updater: msg_sender,
                policyType: policy_type.try_into().unwrap_or(PolicyType::__Invalid),
            },
        ))?;

        self.emit_event(TIP403RegistryEvent::PolicyAdminUpdated(
            ITIP403Registry::PolicyAdminUpdated {
                policyId: new_policy_id,
                updater: msg_sender,
                admin,
            },
        ))?;

        Ok(new_policy_id)
    }

    /// Transfers admin control of a policy. Only callable by the current admin.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// - `Unauthorized` — `msg_sender` is not the current admin
    /// - `PolicyNotFound` — the policy ID does not exist (T2+)
    pub fn set_policy_admin(
        &mut self,
        msg_sender: Address,
        call: ITIP403Registry::setPolicyAdminCall,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        let data = self.get_policy_data(call.policyId)?;

        // Check authorization
        if data.admin != msg_sender {
            return Err(TIP403RegistryError::unauthorized().into());
        }

        // Update admin policy ID
        self.set_policy_data(
            call.policyId,
            PolicyData {
                admin: call.admin,
                ..data
            },
        )?;

        self.emit_event(TIP403RegistryEvent::PolicyAdminUpdated(
            ITIP403Registry::PolicyAdminUpdated {
                policyId: call.policyId,
                updater: msg_sender,
                admin: call.admin,
            },
        ))
    }

    /// Adds or removes an account from a whitelist policy. Admin-only.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// - `Unauthorized` — `msg_sender` is not the policy admin
    /// - `IncompatiblePolicyType` — the policy is not a whitelist
    /// - `PolicyNotFound` — the policy ID does not exist (T2+)
    /// - `VirtualAddressNotAllowed` — virtual addresses are forbidden (T3+)
    pub fn modify_policy_whitelist(
        &mut self,
        msg_sender: Address,
        call: ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        // TIP-1022: virtual addresses are forwarding aliases, not valid policy members (spec: T3+)
        if self.storage.spec().is_t3() && call.account.is_virtual() {
            return Err(TIP403RegistryError::virtual_address_not_allowed().into());
        }

        let data = self.get_policy_data(call.policyId)?;

        // Check authorization
        if data.admin != msg_sender {
            return Err(TIP403RegistryError::unauthorized().into());
        }

        // Check policy type
        if !matches!(data.policy_type()?, PolicyType::WHITELIST) {
            return Err(TIP403RegistryError::incompatible_policy_type().into());
        }

        self.set_policy_set(call.policyId, call.account, call.allowed)?;

        self.emit_event(TIP403RegistryEvent::WhitelistUpdated(
            ITIP403Registry::WhitelistUpdated {
                policyId: call.policyId,
                updater: msg_sender,
                account: call.account,
                allowed: call.allowed,
            },
        ))
    }

    /// Adds or removes an account from a blacklist policy. Admin-only.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// - `Unauthorized` — `msg_sender` is not the policy admin
    /// - `IncompatiblePolicyType` — the policy is not a blacklist
    /// - `PolicyNotFound` — the policy ID does not exist (T2+)
    /// - `VirtualAddressNotAllowed` — virtual addresses are forbidden (T3+)
    pub fn modify_policy_blacklist(
        &mut self,
        msg_sender: Address,
        call: ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyBlacklistCall,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        // TIP-1022: virtual addresses are forwarding aliases, not valid policy members (spec: T3+)
        if self.storage.spec().is_t3() && call.account.is_virtual() {
            return Err(TIP403RegistryError::virtual_address_not_allowed().into());
        }

        let data = self.get_policy_data(call.policyId)?;

        // Check authorization
        if data.admin != msg_sender {
            return Err(TIP403RegistryError::unauthorized().into());
        }

        // Check policy type
        if !matches!(data.policy_type()?, PolicyType::BLACKLIST) {
            return Err(TIP403RegistryError::incompatible_policy_type().into());
        }

        self.set_policy_set(call.policyId, call.account, call.restricted)?;

        self.emit_event(TIP403RegistryEvent::BlacklistUpdated(
            ITIP403Registry::BlacklistUpdated {
                policyId: call.policyId,
                updater: msg_sender,
                account: call.account,
                restricted: call.restricted,
            },
        ))
    }

    /// Creates a new compound policy that references three simple sub-policies ([TIP-1015]).
    /// Compound policies have no admin and cannot be modified after creation.
    ///
    /// [TIP-1015]: <https://docs.tempo.xyz/protocol/tips/tip-1015>
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// - `PolicyNotFound` — a referenced sub-policy ID does not exist
    /// - `PolicyNotSimple` — a referenced sub-policy is itself compound
    /// - `UnderOverflow` — policy ID counter overflows
    pub fn create_compound_policy(
        &mut self,
        msg_sender: Address,
        call: ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall,
    ) -> Result<u64> {
        // Validate all referenced policies exist and are simple (not compound)
        self.validate_simple_policy(call.senderPolicyId)?;
        self.validate_simple_policy(call.recipientPolicyId)?;
        self.validate_simple_policy(call.mintRecipientPolicyId)?;

        let new_policy_id = self.policy_id_counter()?;

        // Increment counter
        self.policy_id_counter.write(
            new_policy_id
                .checked_add(1)
                .ok_or(TempoPrecompileError::under_overflow())?,
        )?;

        // Store policy record with COMPOUND type and compound data
        self.policy_records[new_policy_id].write(PolicyRecord {
            base: PolicyData {
                policy_type: PolicyType::COMPOUND as u8,
                admin: Address::ZERO,
            },
            compound: CompoundPolicyData {
                sender_policy_id: call.senderPolicyId,
                recipient_policy_id: call.recipientPolicyId,
                mint_recipient_policy_id: call.mintRecipientPolicyId,
            },
        })?;

        // Emit event
        self.emit_event(TIP403RegistryEvent::CompoundPolicyCreated(
            ITIP403Registry::CompoundPolicyCreated {
                policyId: new_policy_id,
                creator: msg_sender,
                senderPolicyId: call.senderPolicyId,
                recipientPolicyId: call.recipientPolicyId,
                mintRecipientPolicyId: call.mintRecipientPolicyId,
            },
        ))?;

        Ok(new_policy_id)
    }

    /// Core role-based authorization check ([TIP-1015]). Resolves built-in policies (0 = reject,
    /// 1 = allow) immediately, delegates compound policies to their sub-policies, and evaluates
    /// simple policies via `is_simple`.
    ///
    /// [TIP-1015]: <https://docs.tempo.xyz/protocol/tips/tip-1015>
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// - `PolicyNotFound` — the policy ID does not exist (T2+)
    /// - `InvalidPolicyType` — stored type cannot be decoded
    /// - `IncompatiblePolicyType` — a compound policy was passed where a simple one is required
    pub fn is_authorized_as(&self, policy_id: u64, user: Address, role: AuthRole) -> Result<bool> {
        if let Some(auth) = self.builtin_authorization(policy_id) {
            return Ok(auth);
        }

        let data = self.get_policy_data(policy_id)?;

        if data.is_compound() {
            let compound = self.policy_records[policy_id].compound.read()?;
            return match role {
                AuthRole::Sender => self.is_authorized_simple(compound.sender_policy_id, user),
                AuthRole::Recipient => {
                    self.is_authorized_simple(compound.recipient_policy_id, user)
                }
                AuthRole::MintRecipient => {
                    self.is_authorized_simple(compound.mint_recipient_policy_id, user)
                }
                AuthRole::Transfer => {
                    // (spec: +T2) short-circuit and skip recipient check if sender fails
                    let sender_auth = self.is_authorized_simple(compound.sender_policy_id, user)?;
                    if self.storage.spec().is_t2() && !sender_auth {
                        return Ok(false);
                    }
                    let recipient_auth =
                        self.is_authorized_simple(compound.recipient_policy_id, user)?;
                    Ok(sender_auth && recipient_auth)
                }
            };
        }

        self.is_simple(policy_id, user, &data)
    }

    /// Returns authorization result for built-in policies ([`REJECT_ALL_POLICY_ID`] / [`ALLOW_ALL_POLICY_ID`]).
    /// Returns None for user-created policies.
    #[inline]
    fn builtin_authorization(&self, policy_id: u64) -> Option<bool> {
        match policy_id {
            ALLOW_ALL_POLICY_ID => Some(true),
            REJECT_ALL_POLICY_ID => Some(false),
            _ => None,
        }
    }

    /// Authorization for simple (non-compound) policies only.
    ///
    /// **WARNING:** skips compound check - caller must guarantee policy is simple.
    fn is_authorized_simple(&self, policy_id: u64, user: Address) -> Result<bool> {
        if let Some(auth) = self.builtin_authorization(policy_id) {
            return Ok(auth);
        }
        let data = self.get_policy_data(policy_id)?;
        self.is_simple(policy_id, user, &data)
    }

    /// Authorization check for simple (non-compound) policies
    fn is_simple(&self, policy_id: u64, user: Address, data: &PolicyData) -> Result<bool> {
        // NOTE: read `policy_set` BEFORE checking policy type to match original gas consumption.
        // Pre-T1: the old code read policy_set first, then failed on invalid policy types.
        // This order must be preserved for block re-execution compatibility.
        let is_in_set = self.policy_set[policy_id][user].read()?;

        match data.policy_type()? {
            PolicyType::WHITELIST => Ok(is_in_set),
            PolicyType::BLACKLIST => Ok(!is_in_set),
            PolicyType::COMPOUND => Err(TIP403RegistryError::incompatible_policy_type().into()),
            PolicyType::__Invalid => unreachable!(),
        }
    }

    /// Validates that a policy ID references an existing simple policy (not compound)
    fn validate_simple_policy(&self, policy_id: u64) -> Result<()> {
        // Built-in policies (0 and 1) are always valid simple policies
        if self.builtin_authorization(policy_id).is_some() {
            return Ok(());
        }

        // Check if policy exists
        if policy_id >= self.policy_id_counter()? {
            return Err(TIP403RegistryError::policy_not_found().into());
        }

        // Check if policy is simple (WHITELIST or BLACKLIST only)
        let data = self.get_policy_data(policy_id)?;
        if !data.is_simple() {
            return Err(TIP403RegistryError::policy_not_simple().into());
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    // Internal helper functions

    /// Returns policy data for the given policy ID.
    /// Errors with `PolicyNotFound` for invalid policy ids.
    fn get_policy_data(&self, policy_id: u64) -> Result<PolicyData> {
        let data = self.policy_records[policy_id].base.read()?;

        // Verify that the policy id exists (spec: +T2).
        // Skip the counter read (extra SLOAD) when policy data is non-default.
        if self.storage.spec().is_t2()
            && data.is_default()
            && policy_id >= self.policy_id_counter()?
        {
            return Err(TIP403RegistryError::policy_not_found().into());
        }

        Ok(data)
    }

    fn set_policy_data(&mut self, policy_id: u64, data: PolicyData) -> Result<()> {
        self.policy_records[policy_id].base.write(data)
    }

    fn set_policy_set(&mut self, policy_id: u64, account: Address, value: bool) -> Result<()> {
        self.policy_set[policy_id][account].write(value)
    }
}

impl AuthRole {
    #[inline]
    fn transfer_or(t2_variant: Self) -> Self {
        if StorageCtx.spec().is_t2() {
            t2_variant
        } else {
            Self::Transfer
        }
    }

    /// Hardfork-aware: always returns `Transfer`.
    pub fn transfer() -> Self {
        Self::Transfer
    }

    /// Hardfork-aware: returns `Sender` for T2+, `Transfer` for pre-T2.
    pub fn sender() -> Self {
        Self::transfer_or(Self::Sender)
    }

    /// Hardfork-aware: returns `Recipient` for T2+, `Transfer` for pre-T2.
    pub fn recipient() -> Self {
        Self::transfer_or(Self::Recipient)
    }

    /// Hardfork-aware: returns `MintRecipient` for T2+, `Transfer` for pre-T2.
    pub fn mint_recipient() -> Self {
        Self::transfer_or(Self::MintRecipient)
    }
}

/// Returns `true` if the error indicates a failed policy lookup — the policy type is invalid
/// or the policy doesn't exist.
pub fn is_policy_lookup_error(e: &TempoPrecompileError) -> bool {
    if StorageCtx.spec().is_t2() {
        // T2+: typed TIP403 errors
        *e == TIP403RegistryError::invalid_policy_type().into()
            || *e == TIP403RegistryError::policy_not_found().into()
    } else {
        // Pre-T2: legacy Panic(UnderOverflow) sentinel
        *e == TempoPrecompileError::under_overflow()
    }
}

/// Extension trait for [`PolicyType`] validation.
trait PolicyTypeExt {
    /// Validates that this is a simple policy type and returns its `u8` discriminant.
    fn ensure_is_simple(&self) -> Result<u8>;
}

impl PolicyTypeExt for PolicyType {
    /// Validates and returns the policy type to store, handling backward compatibility.
    ///
    /// Pre-T2: Converts `COMPOUND` and `__Invalid` to 255 to match original ABI decoding behavior.
    /// T2+: Only allows `WHITELIST` and `BLACKLIST`.
    fn ensure_is_simple(&self) -> Result<u8> {
        match self {
            Self::WHITELIST | Self::BLACKLIST => Ok(*self as u8),
            Self::COMPOUND | Self::__Invalid => {
                if StorageCtx.spec().is_t2() {
                    Err(TIP403RegistryError::incompatible_policy_type().into())
                } else {
                    Ok(Self::__Invalid as u8)
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::{
        error::TempoPrecompileError,
        storage::{ContractStorage, StorageCtx, hashmap::HashMapStorageProvider},
    };
    use alloy::{
        primitives::{Address, Log},
        sol_types::SolEvent,
    };
    use rand_08::Rng;
    use tempo_chainspec::hardfork::TempoHardfork;
    use tempo_contracts::precompiles::TIP403_REGISTRY_ADDRESS;
    use tempo_primitives::{MasterId, TempoAddressExt, UserTag};

    #[test]
    fn test_create_policy() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new(1);
        let admin = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Initial counter should be 2 (skipping special policies)
            assert_eq!(registry.policy_id_counter()?, 2);

            // Create a whitelist policy
            let result = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            );
            assert!(result.is_ok());
            assert_eq!(result?, 2);

            // Counter should be incremented
            assert_eq!(registry.policy_id_counter()?, 3);

            // Check policy data
            let data = registry.policy_data(ITIP403Registry::policyDataCall { policyId: 2 })?;
            assert_eq!(data.policyType, ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST);
            assert_eq!(data.admin, admin);
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_is_authorized_special_policies() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new(1);
        let user = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Policy 0 should always reject
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(0, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            // Policy 1 should always allow
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(1, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_whitelist_policy() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new(1);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let user = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create whitelist policy
            let policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;

            // User should not be authorized initially
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            // Add user to whitelist
            registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                    policyId: policy_id,
                    account: user,
                    allowed: true,
                },
            )?;

            // User should now be authorized
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_blacklist_policy() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new(1);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let user = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create blacklist policy
            let policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::BLACKLIST,
                },
            )?;

            // User should be authorized initially (not in blacklist)
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            // Add user to blacklist
            registry.modify_policy_blacklist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyBlacklistCall {
                    policyId: policy_id,
                    account: user,
                    restricted: true,
                },
            )?;

            // User should no longer be authorized
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_policy_data_reverts_for_non_existent_policy() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new(1);
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Test that querying a non-existent policy ID reverts
            let result = registry.policy_data(ITIP403Registry::policyDataCall { policyId: 100 });
            assert!(result.is_err());

            // Verify the error is PolicyNotFound
            assert!(matches!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TempoPrecompileError::TIP403RegistryError(TIP403RegistryError::PolicyNotFound(_))
            ));

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_policy_data_builtin_policies_boundary() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        for (hardfork, expect_allow_all_type) in [
            // Pre-T2: reads uninitialized storage → both builtins decode as WHITELIST
            (TempoHardfork::T1C, ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST),
            // T2: virtual builtins return correct types
            (TempoHardfork::T2, ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::BLACKLIST),
        ] {
            let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, hardfork);
            StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
                let registry = TIP403Registry::new();

                // reject-all → WHITELIST on every fork (coincides with default storage)
                let reject = registry.policy_data(ITIP403Registry::policyDataCall {
                    policyId: REJECT_ALL_POLICY_ID,
                })?;
                assert_eq!(reject.policyType, ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST);
                assert_eq!(reject.admin, Address::ZERO);

                // allow-all → WHITELIST pre-T2 (wrong), BLACKLIST from T2 (correct)
                let allow = registry.policy_data(ITIP403Registry::policyDataCall {
                    policyId: ALLOW_ALL_POLICY_ID,
                })?;
                assert_eq!(allow.policyType, expect_allow_all_type);
                assert_eq!(allow.admin, Address::ZERO);

                Ok::<_, TempoPrecompileError>(())
            })?;
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_policy_exists() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new(1);
        let admin = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Special policies 0 and 1 always exist
            assert!(registry.policy_exists(ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall { policyId: 0 })?);
            assert!(registry.policy_exists(ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall { policyId: 1 })?);

            // Test 100 random policy IDs > 1 should not exist initially
            let mut rng = rand_08::thread_rng();
            for _ in 0..100 {
                let random_policy_id = rng.gen_range(2..u64::MAX);
                assert!(!registry.policy_exists(ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall {
                    policyId: random_policy_id
                })?);
            }

            // Create 50 policies
            let mut created_policy_ids = Vec::new();
            for i in 0..50 {
                let policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                        admin,
                        policyType: if i % 2 == 0 {
                            ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST
                        } else {
                            ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::BLACKLIST
                        },
                    },
                )?;
                created_policy_ids.push(policy_id);
            }

            // All created policies should exist
            for policy_id in &created_policy_ids {
                assert!(registry.policy_exists(ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall {
                    policyId: *policy_id
                })?);
            }

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    // =========================================================================
    //                      TIP-1015: Compound Policy Tests
    // =========================================================================

    #[test]
    fn test_create_compound_policy() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T2);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let creator = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create two simple policies to reference
            let sender_policy = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;
            let recipient_policy = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::BLACKLIST,
                },
            )?;
            let mint_recipient_policy = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;

            // Create compound policy
            let compound_id = registry.create_compound_policy(
                creator,
                ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall {
                    senderPolicyId: sender_policy,
                    recipientPolicyId: recipient_policy,
                    mintRecipientPolicyId: mint_recipient_policy,
                },
            )?;

            // Verify compound policy exists
            assert!(registry.policy_exists(ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall {
                policyId: compound_id
            })?);

            // Verify policy type is COMPOUND
            let data = registry.policy_data(ITIP403Registry::policyDataCall {
                policyId: compound_id,
            })?;
            assert_eq!(data.policyType, ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND);
            assert_eq!(data.admin, Address::ZERO); // Compound policies have no admin

            // Verify compound policy data
            let compound_data =
                registry.compound_policy_data(ITIP403Registry::compoundPolicyDataCall {
                    policyId: compound_id,
                })?;
            assert_eq!(compound_data.senderPolicyId, sender_policy);
            assert_eq!(compound_data.recipientPolicyId, recipient_policy);
            assert_eq!(compound_data.mintRecipientPolicyId, mint_recipient_policy);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_compound_policy_rejects_non_existent_refs() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T1);
        let creator = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Try to create compound policy with non-existent policy IDs
            let result = registry.create_compound_policy(
                creator,
                ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall {
                    senderPolicyId: 999,
                    recipientPolicyId: 1,
                    mintRecipientPolicyId: 1,
                },
            );
            assert!(result.is_err());

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_compound_policy_rejects_compound_refs() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T1);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let creator = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create a simple policy
            let simple_policy = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;

            // Create a compound policy
            let compound_id = registry.create_compound_policy(
                creator,
                ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall {
                    senderPolicyId: 1,
                    recipientPolicyId: simple_policy,
                    mintRecipientPolicyId: 1,
                },
            )?;

            // Try to create another compound policy referencing the first compound
            let result = registry.create_compound_policy(
                creator,
                ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall {
                    senderPolicyId: compound_id, // This should fail - can't reference compound
                    recipientPolicyId: 1,
                    mintRecipientPolicyId: 1,
                },
            );
            assert!(result.is_err());

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_compound_policy_sender_recipient_differentiation() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T1);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let creator = Address::random();
        let alice = Address::random();
        let bob = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create sender whitelist (only Alice can send)
            let sender_policy = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;
            registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                    policyId: sender_policy,
                    account: alice,
                    allowed: true,
                },
            )?;

            // Create recipient whitelist (only Bob can receive)
            let recipient_policy = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;
            registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                    policyId: recipient_policy,
                    account: bob,
                    allowed: true,
                },
            )?;

            // Create compound policy
            let compound_id = registry.create_compound_policy(
                creator,
                ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall {
                    senderPolicyId: sender_policy,
                    recipientPolicyId: recipient_policy,
                    mintRecipientPolicyId: 1, // anyone can receive mints
                },
            )?;

            // Alice can send (is in sender whitelist)
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, alice, AuthRole::Sender)?);

            // Bob cannot send (not in sender whitelist)
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, bob, AuthRole::Sender)?);

            // Bob can receive (is in recipient whitelist)
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, bob, AuthRole::Recipient)?);

            // Alice cannot receive (not in recipient whitelist)
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, alice, AuthRole::Recipient)?);

            // Anyone can receive mints (mintRecipientPolicyId = 1 = always-allow)
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, alice, AuthRole::MintRecipient)?);
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, bob, AuthRole::MintRecipient)?);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_compound_policy_is_authorized_behavior() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T1);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let creator = Address::random();
        let user = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create sender whitelist with user
            let sender_policy = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;
            registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                    policyId: sender_policy,
                    account: user,
                    allowed: true,
                },
            )?;

            // Create recipient whitelist WITHOUT user
            let recipient_policy = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;

            // Create compound policy
            let compound_id = registry.create_compound_policy(
                creator,
                ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall {
                    senderPolicyId: sender_policy,
                    recipientPolicyId: recipient_policy,
                    mintRecipientPolicyId: 1,
                },
            )?;

            // isAuthorized should be sender && recipient
            // User is sender-authorized but NOT recipient-authorized
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, user, AuthRole::Sender)?);
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, user, AuthRole::Recipient)?);

            // isAuthorized = sender && recipient = true && false = false
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            // Now add user to recipient whitelist
            registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                    policyId: recipient_policy,
                    account: user,
                    allowed: true,
                },
            )?;

            // Now isAuthorized = sender && recipient = true && true = true
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_compound_policy_is_authorized_transfer() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let admin = Address::random();
        let creator = Address::random();
        let user = Address::random();

        for hardfork in [TempoHardfork::T0, TempoHardfork::T1] {
            let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, hardfork);

            StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
                let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

                // Create sender and recipient whitelists
                let sender_policy = registry.create_policy(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                        admin,
                        policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                    },
                )?;
                let recipient_policy = registry.create_policy(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                        admin,
                        policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                    },
                )?;

                // Create compound policy
                let compound_id = registry.create_compound_policy(
                    creator,
                    ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall {
                        senderPolicyId: sender_policy,
                        recipientPolicyId: recipient_policy,
                        mintRecipientPolicyId: 1,
                    },
                )?;

                // User not in sender whitelist, but in recipient whitelist
                registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                        policyId: recipient_policy,
                        account: user,
                        allowed: true,
                    },
                )?;
                assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

                // User in sender whitelist, not in recipient whitelist
                registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                        policyId: sender_policy,
                        account: user,
                        allowed: true,
                    },
                )?;
                registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                        policyId: recipient_policy,
                        account: user,
                        allowed: false,
                    },
                )?;
                assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

                // User in both whitelists
                registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                        policyId: recipient_policy,
                        account: user,
                        allowed: true,
                    },
                )?;
                assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

                Ok::<_, TempoPrecompileError>(())
            })?;
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_simple_policy_equivalence() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T1);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let user = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create a simple whitelist policy with user
            let policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;
            registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                    policyId: policy_id,
                    account: user,
                    allowed: true,
                },
            )?;

            // For simple policies, all four authorization functions should return the same result
            let is_authorized = registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?;
            let is_sender = registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Sender)?;
            let is_recipient = registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Recipient)?;
            let is_mint_recipient =
                registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::MintRecipient)?;

            assert!(is_authorized);
            assert_eq!(is_authorized, is_sender);
            assert_eq!(is_sender, is_recipient);
            assert_eq!(is_recipient, is_mint_recipient);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_compound_policy_with_builtin_policies() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T1);
        let creator = Address::random();
        let user = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create compound policy using built-in policies
            // senderPolicyId = 1 (always-allow)
            // recipientPolicyId = 0 (always-reject)
            // mintRecipientPolicyId = 1 (always-allow)
            let compound_id = registry.create_compound_policy(
                creator,
                ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall {
                    senderPolicyId: 1,
                    recipientPolicyId: 0,
                    mintRecipientPolicyId: 1,
                },
            )?;

            // Anyone can send (policy 1 = always-allow)
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, user, AuthRole::Sender)?);

            // No one can receive transfers (policy 0 = always-reject)
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, user, AuthRole::Recipient)?);

            // Anyone can receive mints (policy 1 = always-allow)
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, user, AuthRole::MintRecipient)?);

            // isAuthorized = sender && recipient = true && false = false
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_vendor_credits_use_case() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T1);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let creator = Address::random();
        let vendor = Address::random();
        let customer = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create vendor whitelist (only vendor can receive transfers)
            let vendor_whitelist = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;
            registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                    policyId: vendor_whitelist,
                    account: vendor,
                    allowed: true,
                },
            )?;

            // Create compound policy for vendor credits:
            // - Anyone can send (senderPolicyId = 1)
            // - Only vendor can receive transfers (recipientPolicyId = vendor_whitelist)
            // - Anyone can receive mints (mintRecipientPolicyId = 1)
            let compound_id = registry.create_compound_policy(
                creator,
                ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall {
                    senderPolicyId: 1,                   // anyone can send
                    recipientPolicyId: vendor_whitelist, // only vendor receives
                    mintRecipientPolicyId: 1,            // anyone can receive mints
                },
            )?;

            // Minting: anyone can receive mints (customer gets credits)
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, customer, AuthRole::MintRecipient)?);

            // Transfer: customer can send
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, customer, AuthRole::Sender)?);

            // Transfer: only vendor can receive
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, vendor, AuthRole::Recipient)?);
            // customer cannot receive transfers (no P2P)
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(compound_id, customer, AuthRole::Recipient)?);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_policy_data_rejects_compound_policy_on_pre_t1() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let creator = Address::random();

        // First, create a compound policy on T1
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T1);
        let compound_id = StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();
            registry.create_compound_policy(
                creator,
                ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall {
                    senderPolicyId: 1,
                    recipientPolicyId: 1,
                    mintRecipientPolicyId: 1,
                },
            )
        })?;

        // Now downgrade to T0 and try to read the compound policy data
        let mut storage = storage.with_spec(TempoHardfork::T0);
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            let result = registry.policy_data(ITIP403Registry::policyDataCall {
                policyId: compound_id,
            });
            assert!(result.is_err());
            assert_eq!(result.unwrap_err(), TempoPrecompileError::under_overflow());

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_create_policy_rejects_non_simple_policy_types() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let admin = Address::random();

        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T2);
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            for policy_type in [
                ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND,
                ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::__Invalid,
            ] {
                let result = registry.create_policy(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                        admin,
                        policyType: policy_type,
                    },
                );
                assert!(matches!(
                    result.unwrap_err(),
                    TempoPrecompileError::TIP403RegistryError(
                        TIP403RegistryError::IncompatiblePolicyType(_)
                    )
                ));
            }

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_create_policy_with_accounts_rejects_non_simple_policy_types() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T1);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let account = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            for policy_type in [
                ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND,
                ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::__Invalid,
            ] {
                let result = registry.create_policy_with_accounts(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::createPolicyWithAccountsCall {
                        admin,
                        policyType: policy_type,
                        accounts: vec![account],
                    },
                );
                assert!(matches!(
                    result.unwrap_err(),
                    TempoPrecompileError::TIP403RegistryError(
                        TIP403RegistryError::IncompatiblePolicyType(_)
                    )
                ));
            }

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    // =========================================================================
    //                Pre-T1 Backward Compatibility Tests
    // =========================================================================

    #[test]
    fn test_pre_t1_create_policy_with_invalid_type_stores_255() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T0);
        let admin = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Pre-T1: COMPOUND and __Invalid should succeed but store as 255
            for policy_type in [
                ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND,
                ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::__Invalid,
            ] {
                let policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                        admin,
                        policyType: policy_type,
                    },
                )?;

                // Verify policy was created
                assert!(registry.policy_exists(ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall {
                    policyId: policy_id
                })?);

                // Verify the stored policy_type is 255 (__Invalid)
                let data = registry.get_policy_data(policy_id)?;
                assert_eq!(data.policy_type, 255u8);
            }

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_pre_t1_create_policy_with_valid_types_stores_correct_value() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T0);
        let admin = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // WHITELIST should store as 0
            let whitelist_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;
            let data = registry.get_policy_data(whitelist_id)?;
            assert_eq!(data.policy_type, 0u8);

            // BLACKLIST should store as 1
            let blacklist_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::BLACKLIST,
                },
            )?;
            let data = registry.get_policy_data(blacklist_id)?;
            assert_eq!(data.policy_type, 1u8);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_pre_t1_create_policy_with_accounts_invalid_type_behavior() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T0);
        let (admin, account) = (Address::random(), Address::random());

        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // With non-empty accounts: reverts with IncompatiblePolicyType
            for policy_type in [
                ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND,
                ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::__Invalid,
            ] {
                let result = registry.create_policy_with_accounts(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::createPolicyWithAccountsCall {
                        admin,
                        policyType: policy_type,
                        accounts: vec![account],
                    },
                );
                assert!(matches!(
                    result.unwrap_err(),
                    TempoPrecompileError::TIP403RegistryError(
                        TIP403RegistryError::IncompatiblePolicyType(_)
                    )
                ));
            }

            // With empty accounts: succeeds (loop never enters revert path)
            let policy_id = registry.create_policy_with_accounts(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyWithAccountsCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::__Invalid,
                    accounts: vec![],
                },
            )?;
            let data = registry.get_policy_data(policy_id)?;
            assert_eq!(data.policy_type, 255u8);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_pre_t1_policy_data_reverts_for_any_policy_type_gte_2() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T0);
        let admin = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create a policy with COMPOUND type (will be stored as 255)
            let policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND,
                },
            )?;

            // policy_data should revert for policy_type >= 2 on pre-T1
            let result = registry.policy_data(ITIP403Registry::policyDataCall {
                policyId: policy_id,
            });
            assert!(result.is_err());
            assert_eq!(result.unwrap_err(), TempoPrecompileError::under_overflow());

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_pre_t1_is_authorized_reverts_for_invalid_policy_type() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T0);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let user = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create a policy with COMPOUND type (stored as 255)
            let policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND,
                },
            )?;

            // is_authorized should revert for policy_type >= 2 on pre-T1
            let result = registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer);
            assert!(result.is_err());
            assert_eq!(result.unwrap_err(), TempoPrecompileError::under_overflow());

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_pre_t2_to_t2_migration_invalid_policy_still_fails() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        // Create a policy with invalid type on pre-T2
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T0);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let user = Address::random();

        let policy_id = StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();
            registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND,
                },
            )
        })?;

        // Upgrade to T2 and try to use the policy
        let mut storage = storage.with_spec(TempoHardfork::T2);
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // policy_data should fail with InvalidPolicyType on T2
            let result = registry.policy_data(ITIP403Registry::policyDataCall {
                policyId: policy_id,
            });
            assert!(result.is_err());
            assert_eq!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TIP403RegistryError::invalid_policy_type().into()
            );

            // is_authorized should also fail with InvalidPolicyType on T2
            let result = registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer);
            assert!(result.is_err());
            assert_eq!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TIP403RegistryError::invalid_policy_type().into()
            );

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_t2_compound_policy_rejects_legacy_invalid_255_policy() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        // Create a policy with invalid type on pre-T1 (stored as 255)
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T0);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let creator = Address::random();

        let invalid_policy_id = StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();
            registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::__Invalid,
                },
            )
        })?;

        // Upgrade to T2 and create a valid simple policy
        let mut storage = storage.with_spec(TempoHardfork::T2);
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            let valid_policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;

            // Attempting to create a compound policy referencing the legacy 255 policy should fail
            let result = registry.create_compound_policy(
                creator,
                ITIP403Registry::createCompoundPolicyCall {
                    senderPolicyId: invalid_policy_id,
                    recipientPolicyId: valid_policy_id,
                    mintRecipientPolicyId: valid_policy_id,
                },
            );
            assert!(matches!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TempoPrecompileError::TIP403RegistryError(TIP403RegistryError::PolicyNotSimple(_))
            ));

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_t2_validate_policy_type_returns_correct_u8() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T2);
        let admin = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // WHITELIST should store as 0
            let whitelist_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;
            let data = registry.get_policy_data(whitelist_id)?;
            assert_eq!(data.policy_type, 0u8);

            // BLACKLIST should store as 1
            let blacklist_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::BLACKLIST,
                },
            )?;
            let data = registry.get_policy_data(blacklist_id)?;
            assert_eq!(data.policy_type, 1u8);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_is_simple_errors_on_invalid_policy_type_t2() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        // This test verifies that is_simple explicitly errors for __Invalid
        // rather than returning false. We need to manually create a policy
        // with an invalid type to test this edge case.
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T0);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let user = Address::random();

        // Create policy with COMPOUND on pre-T2 (stores as 255)
        let policy_id = StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();
            registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND,
                },
            )
        })?;

        // Now on T2, is_authorized should error with InvalidPolicyType
        let mut storage = storage.with_spec(TempoHardfork::T2);
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            let result = registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer);
            assert_eq!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TIP403RegistryError::invalid_policy_type().into()
            );

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_pre_t1_whitelist_and_blacklist_work_normally() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T0);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let user = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create and test whitelist on pre-T1
            let whitelist_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;

            // User not authorized initially
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(whitelist_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            // Add to whitelist
            registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                    policyId: whitelist_id,
                    account: user,
                    allowed: true,
                },
            )?;

            // Now authorized
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(whitelist_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            // Create and test blacklist on pre-T1
            let blacklist_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::BLACKLIST,
                },
            )?;

            // User authorized initially (not in blacklist)
            assert!(registry.is_authorized_as(blacklist_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            // Add to blacklist
            registry.modify_policy_blacklist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyBlacklistCall {
                    policyId: blacklist_id,
                    account: user,
                    restricted: true,
                },
            )?;

            // Now not authorized
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(blacklist_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_pre_t1_create_policy_event_emits_invalid() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T0);
        let admin = Address::random();

        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            let policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND,
                },
            )?;

            let data = registry.get_policy_data(policy_id)?;
            assert_eq!(data.policy_type, 255u8);

            Ok::<_, TempoPrecompileError>(())
        })?;

        let events = storage.events.get(&TIP403_REGISTRY_ADDRESS).unwrap();
        let policy_created_log = Log::new_unchecked(
            TIP403_REGISTRY_ADDRESS,
            events[0].topics().to_vec(),
            events[0].data.clone(),
        );
        let decoded = ITIP403Registry::PolicyCreated::decode_log(&policy_created_log)?;

        // should emit 255, not 2
        assert_eq!(decoded.policyType, ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::__Invalid);

        Ok(())
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_t2_create_policy_rejects_invalid_types() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T2);
        let admin = Address::random();

        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            for policy_type in [
                ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::COMPOUND,
                ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::__Invalid,
            ] {
                let result = registry.create_policy(
                    admin,
                    ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                        admin,
                        policyType: policy_type,
                    },
                );
                assert!(matches!(
                    result.unwrap_err(),
                    TempoPrecompileError::TIP403RegistryError(
                        TIP403RegistryError::IncompatiblePolicyType(_)
                    )
                ));
            }

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_t2_create_policy_emits_correct_type() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T2);
        let admin = Address::random();

        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;

            registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::BLACKLIST,
                },
            )?;

            Ok::<_, TempoPrecompileError>(())
        })?;

        let events = storage.events.get(&TIP403_REGISTRY_ADDRESS).unwrap();

        // events[0] = PolicyCreated, events[1] = PolicyAdminUpdated, events[2] = PolicyCreated
        let whitelist_log = Log::new_unchecked(
            TIP403_REGISTRY_ADDRESS,
            events[0].topics().to_vec(),
            events[0].data.clone(),
        );
        let whitelist_decoded = ITIP403Registry::PolicyCreated::decode_log(&whitelist_log)?;
        assert_eq!(
            whitelist_decoded.policyType,
            ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST
        );

        let blacklist_log = Log::new_unchecked(
            TIP403_REGISTRY_ADDRESS,
            events[2].topics().to_vec(),
            events[2].data.clone(),
        );
        let blacklist_decoded = ITIP403Registry::PolicyCreated::decode_log(&blacklist_log)?;
        assert_eq!(
            blacklist_decoded.policyType,
            ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::BLACKLIST
        );

        Ok(())
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_compound_policy_data_error_cases() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T2);
        let admin = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Non-existent policy should return PolicyNotFound
            let result = registry
                .compound_policy_data(ITIP403Registry::compoundPolicyDataCall { policyId: 999 });
            assert!(matches!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TempoPrecompileError::TIP403RegistryError(TIP403RegistryError::PolicyNotFound(_))
            ));

            // Simple policy should return IncompatiblePolicyType
            let simple_policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;
            let result = registry.compound_policy_data(ITIP403Registry::compoundPolicyDataCall {
                policyId: simple_policy_id,
            });
            assert!(matches!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TempoPrecompileError::TIP403RegistryError(
                    TIP403RegistryError::IncompatiblePolicyType(_)
                )
            ));

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_invalid_policy_type() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        // Create a policy with __Invalid type
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T0);
        let admin = Address::random();
        let user = Address::random();

        let policy_id = StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();
            registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::__Invalid,
                },
            )
        })?;

        // Pre-T2: should return under_overflow error
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            let result = registry.policy_data(ITIP403Registry::policyDataCall {
                policyId: policy_id,
            });
            assert_eq!(result.unwrap_err(), TempoPrecompileError::under_overflow());

            let result = registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer);
            assert_eq!(result.unwrap_err(), TempoPrecompileError::under_overflow());

            Ok::<_, TempoPrecompileError>(())
        })?;

        // T2+: should return InvalidPolicyType error
        let mut storage = storage.with_spec(TempoHardfork::T2);
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            let result = registry.policy_data(ITIP403Registry::policyDataCall {
                policyId: policy_id,
            });
            assert_eq!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TIP403RegistryError::invalid_policy_type().into()
            );

            let result = registry.is_authorized_as(policy_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer);
            assert_eq!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TIP403RegistryError::invalid_policy_type().into()
            );

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_initialize_sets_storage_state() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T2);
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Before init, should not be initialized
            assert!(!registry.is_initialized()?);

            // Initialize
            registry.initialize()?;

            // After init, should be initialized
            assert!(registry.is_initialized()?);

            // New handle should still see initialized state
            let registry2 = TIP403Registry::new();
            assert!(registry2.is_initialized()?);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_policy_exists_boundary_at_counter() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T2);
        let admin = Address::random();
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            // Create a policy to get policy_id = 2 (counter starts at 2)
            let policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: ITIP403Registry::PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;

            // The counter should now be 3
            let counter = registry.policy_id_counter()?;
            assert_eq!(counter, 3);

            // Policy at counter - 1 should exist
            assert!(registry.policy_exists(ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall {
                policyId: policy_id,
            })?);

            // Policy at exactly counter should NOT exist (tests < vs <=)
            assert!(
                !registry.policy_exists(ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall { policyId: counter })?
            );

            // Policy at counter + 1 should NOT exist
            assert!(!registry.policy_exists(ITIP403Registry::policyExistsCall {
                policyId: counter + 1,
            })?);

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_nonexistent_policy_behavior() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T1);
        let user = Address::random();
        let nonexistent_id = 999;

        // Pre-T2: silently returns default data / false
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || -> Result<()> {
            let registry = TIP403Registry::new();
            let data = registry.get_policy_data(nonexistent_id)?;
            assert!(data.is_default());
            assert!(!registry.is_authorized_as(nonexistent_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)?);
            Ok(())
        })?;

        // T2: reverts with `PolicyNotFound`
        let mut storage = storage.with_spec(TempoHardfork::T2);
        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let registry = TIP403Registry::new();
            assert_eq!(
                registry.get_policy_data(nonexistent_id).unwrap_err(),
                TIP403RegistryError::policy_not_found().into()
            );
            assert_eq!(
                registry
                    .is_authorized_as(nonexistent_id, user, AuthRole::Transfer)
                    .unwrap_err(),
                TIP403RegistryError::policy_not_found().into()
            );
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    // ────────────────── TIP-1022 Virtual Address Rejection ──────────────────

    #[test]
    fn test_modify_whitelist_rejects_virtual_address() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T3);
        let admin = Address::random();

        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();
            let policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                },
            )?;

            let result = registry.modify_policy_whitelist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyWhitelistCall {
                    policyId: policy_id,
                    account: Address::new_virtual(MasterId::ZERO, UserTag::ZERO),
                    allowed: true,
                },
            );
            assert!(matches!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TempoPrecompileError::TIP403RegistryError(
                    TIP403RegistryError::VirtualAddressNotAllowed(_)
                )
            ));

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_modify_blacklist_rejects_virtual_address() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T3);
        let admin = Address::random();

        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();
            let policy_id = registry.create_policy(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: PolicyType::BLACKLIST,
                },
            )?;

            let result = registry.modify_policy_blacklist(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::modifyPolicyBlacklistCall {
                    policyId: policy_id,
                    account: Address::new_virtual(MasterId::ZERO, UserTag::ZERO),
                    restricted: true,
                },
            );
            assert!(matches!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TempoPrecompileError::TIP403RegistryError(
                    TIP403RegistryError::VirtualAddressNotAllowed(_)
                )
            ));

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_create_policy_with_accounts_rejects_virtual_address() -> eyre::Result<()> {
        let mut storage = HashMapStorageProvider::new_with_spec(1, TempoHardfork::T3);
        let admin = Address::random();

        StorageCtx::enter(&mut storage, || {
            let mut registry = TIP403Registry::new();

            let result = registry.create_policy_with_accounts(
                admin,
                ITIP403Registry::createPolicyWithAccountsCall {
                    admin,
                    policyType: PolicyType::WHITELIST,
                    accounts: vec![
                        Address::random(),
                        Address::new_virtual(MasterId::ZERO, UserTag::ZERO),
                    ],
                },
            );
            assert!(matches!(
                result.unwrap_err(),
                TempoPrecompileError::TIP403RegistryError(
                    TIP403RegistryError::VirtualAddressNotAllowed(_)
                )
            ));

            // Verify counter was not incremented (no policy created)
            assert_eq!(registry.policy_id_counter()?, 2);

            Ok(())
        })
    }
}